7 Most Deadly Outbreak in human history (2)

7 Most Deadly Outbreak in human history

Viruses , bacteria , and other pathogenic microorganisms will always accompany life . Ferocity knows no national boundaries and continents . With a microscopic size , viruses and bacteria have been given its own color in the history of human life . Dark black color which is known as a pandemic or epidemic .In the history of man , has recorded many major outbreak or pandemic significant and claimed many lives . The following are some examples of major outbreaks ever recorded in history :
7 . Smallpox ( 430 BC ? - 1979)

Smallpox has killed more than 300 million people worldwide in the 20th century alone , and the majority are Native American .Smallpox ( also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera ) is a contagious disease unique to humans . Smallpox is caused by either of two virus variants named Variola major and Variola minor . V. Major , more lethal , has a mortality rate of 30-35 % , while V. minor causes a milder form of the disease called alastrim and kills ~ 1 % of sufferers . V. Long-term consequences of infection are major scars , commonly on the face , which occurs in 65-85 % of patients . In a few cases , side effects can occur is blindness due to corneal ulcerations and infertility in male victims .PATIENTS smallpoxSmallpox killed an estimated 60 million Europeans , including five reigning monarch of Europe , in the 18th century alone . Up to 30 % of those infected , including 80 % of children under 5 years of age , died from the disease , and a third of the victims become blind .As for America , after the first contact with Europeans and Africans , some believe that the death of 90 to 95 percent of Native Americans caused by the migrants . It is alleged that smallpox was the main cause and are responsible for killing almost all Native Americans . In Mexico , when the Aztecs rose up in rebellion against Cortés , due outnumbered , the Spaniards were forced to evacuate . In that battle , the Spanish soldiers who died of smallpox infection . After the battle , the Aztecs then contracted the virus from the body of the Spanish army . When Cortés returned to the Aztec capital , smallpox has devastated the Aztec population . Smallpox had killed most of the Aztec army , the emperor , and 25 % of the total population . Cortés then easily defeated the Aztecs and entered Tenochtitlán , where he found that smallpox had killed the Aztecs more than what has been killed by weapons of war .Smallpox is estimated to be responsible for 300-500 million deaths in the 20th century . In 1967 , the World Health Organization ( WHO ) estimates that 15 million people contracted smallpox disease and that two million died in that year . After successful vaccination campaigns throughout the 19th and 20th centuries , the WHO issued a certification of the eradication of smallpox in 1979 . Till this day , smallpox is the only human infectious disease to have been completely eradicated from nature .
6 . Flu Spain ( 1918-1919 )

Killed 50 to 100 million people around the world in less than 2 yearsIn 1918 and 1919 , the Spanish Flu pandemic killed more people than Hitler , nuclear weapons and all terrorists if combined . ( A pandemic is an epidemic that is prevalent on a global scale . ) Spanish Flu is more severe version of the common cold , which is marked with the usual sore throat , headache and fever . However , in many patients , the disease quickly evolved into something much worse than the common cold . Chills and extreme fatigue are often accompanied by fluid in the lungs . One of the physicians who care for patients infected with scenes depicting bleak : " The faces of patients bluish , cough with blood -stained sputum . In the morning , the bodies piled up in the morgue like cordwood . "SPANISH FLUThere is no cure for influenza virus , even to this day . All the doctors can do is try to make the patient comfortable , which is the only good way at that time , because the patient's lungs filled with fluid and suffered intolerable cough . The face of the victim who eventually turns brown or bluish purple and their feet turned black . The majority of these patients are also infected with bacterial pneumonia as a secondary infection . Because antibiotics, the secondary infection is also essentially untreatable . Pandemic came and went like a flash . More than half a million people die in the United States alone , around the world , more than 50 million .
5 . Black Death ( 1340-1771 ) :

Killed 75 million people around the world .The Black Death , or The Black Plague , was one of the most deadly pandemics in human history . The outbreak started in South Asia , West or Central and spread to Europe in the late 1340s . The total number of deaths worldwide from the pandemic is estimated at 75 million people , with 20 million deaths in Europe alone . The Black Death is estimated to have killed between one third to two thirds of the population of Europe .Outbreaks of the disease presented itself through three variants of transmission . The most common is a variant Pes comes from the swelling that appears on the victim's neck , armpit or groin . The disease is growing with a variety of sizes , starting at size of an egg to the apples . Although some people survived the painful ordeal , outbreaks of this disease usually provide life expectancy of up to a week to victims .The second variant is an outbreak of pneumonia that attacks the respiratory system and is spread simply by breathing air that is exhaled by the victim . Outbreaks of the disease is far more deadly than the Bubonic plague , life expectancy can only be measured in one or two days .The third variant is the transmission of plague septicemia , a disease that attacks the blood system .The classic sign of bubonic plague was the appearance of buboes in the groin , neck and armpits , with flowing pus and bloody . The victim suffered damage to the skin and underlying tissue , until they were covered in dark blotches . Most victims died within four to seven days after infection .When the plague reached Europe , it first struck port cities and then followed the trade routes , both by sea and land . Bubonic plague is the most commonly seen form during the Black Death plague , with a mortality rate of 30-75 percent with symptoms of fever 38-41 ° C ( 101-105 ° F ) , headache , joint pain pain , nausea and vomiting , and a general feeling of malaise . Of those who contracted the bubonic plague , 4 out of 5 died within eight days . Plague pneumonia is the second most frequent form during the Black Death , with a mortality rate of 90-95 percent .painting the black deathThe same disease is thought to have returned to Europe every generation with different virulence and mortality until 1700. During this period , more than 100 plague epidemics swept across Europe . After returning in 1603 , the plague killed 38,000 Londoners . Outbreaks of the 17th century is that other famous Italian Plague ( 1629-1631 ) , the Great Plague of Seville ( 1647-1652 ) , the Great Plague of London ( 1665-1666 ) , the Great Plague of Vienna ( 1679) . There is some controversy as to the identity of the disease in the outbreak , but the virulent form of the disease that is similar to the disease outbreak that occurred during the black death . After the Great Plague of Marseille (1720-1722) and the plague in Moscow ( 1771 ) , the disease seems to have disappeared from Europe in the 18th century . Outbreaks of the Black Death in the fourteenth century had a drastic effect on Europe 's population , the changing social structure of Europe .
4 . Malaria (1600 - present )

Kills about 2 million people per yearmalaria life cycleMalaria causes about 400-900 million cases of fever and approximately 1-3 million deaths annually - this represents at least one death every 30 seconds . Most cases occur in children under 5 years of age , and pregnant women are also very susceptible to this disease . Despite efforts to reduce transmission and increase treatment continue to be made , but there was little change in areas at risk of this disease since 1992 . Expected , if the prevalence of malaria stays diangka now , the death rate could double in the next twenty years . Exact statistics are unknown because many cases occur in rural areas where the population does not have access to hospitals or the means to obtain health care . As a result , most cases are not documented .Malaria is one of the most common infectious diseases and an enormous public health problem . Parasite that causes Malaria is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes . Then the parasites multiply within red blood cells , causing symptoms that include symptoms of anemia ( mild dizziness , shortness of breath , tachycardia etc. ) , as well as other general symptoms such as fever , chills , nausea , flu-like illness , and in severe cases , lead to coma and mortality . The disease is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium . Is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions , including parts of the Americas , Asia , and Africa .
3 . Aids (1981 - present )

Killed 25 million people around the worldAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( AIDS ) has killed more than 25 million people since it was first recognized in 1981 , making it one of the deadliest plague in history . Despite improved access to antiretroviral treatment and care in many regions of the world , the AIDS epidemic has struck about 3.1 million ( between 2.8 and 3.6 million ) people in 2005 ( an average of 8,500 per day ) , which 570,000 of them are children .HIV AIDSUNAIDS and WHO estimates that the number of people living with human immunodeficiency virus
( HIV ) has reached the highest level . There are an estimated 40.3 million ( estimated to range between 36.7 and 45.3 million ) people now living with HIV . In addition , nearly 5 million people are estimated to have been infected with HIV in 2005 alone .HIV / AIDS pandemic is not homogeneous in just one region, with some countries more cases than others . Even at the state level there are wide variations in infection rates between different regions . The number of people living with HIV continues to rise in most parts of the world , despite the continued prevention strategies . Sub - Saharan Africa remains the worst affected region , with 23.8 to 28.9 million people were living with HIV at the end of 2005 , 1 million more than in 2003. Sixty- four percent of all people living with HIV , living in sub- Saharan Africa , and more than 77 % of all women living with HIV are also located here . South Asia and Southeast Asia are the second most affected region by the number of patients achieving 15 % .Key facts about the origin of AIDS is unknown at this time , especially where and when a pandemic starts , although it is said that the HIV virus originated from apes in Africa .2 . Cholera ( 1817 - present )

8 pandemic , hundreds of thousands have died worldwideCholera has struck along the Ganges River in India for centuries , and the disease spread in Calcutta in 1817 on a large scale . When the Ganges river festival finished , they brought cholera back to their homes in other parts of India . There is no evidence of exactly how many Indians died during the epidemic , but there are an estimated 10,000 British deaths due to cholera . And also , it is almost certain that at least hundreds of thousands of indigenous jga has been a victim in all regions of India . In 1827 cholera had become the most feared disease of the century .CHOLERA OUTBREAKMajor cholera pandemics recorded are as follows :

    The first pandemic , 1816-1826 . At the beginning of this outbreak is limited to the region of the Indian subcontinent , began in Bengal , and spread beyond India in 1820 . Spread up to the People's Republic of China and the Caspian Sea before finally reduced .
    Second pandemic (1829-1851) reached Europe , London in 1832 , Ontario Canada and New York in the same year , and the Pacific coast of North America in 1834 .
    Third Pandemic (1852-1860) is mainly affected Russia , claiming more than a million inhabitants.
    The fourth pandemic (1863-1875) spread mainly in Europe and Africa .
    The sixth pandemic (1899-1923) slightly affect Europe because of advances in public health , but Russia was badly affected again .
    Seventh pandemic began in Indonesia in 1961 , called " cholera El Tor " ( or " Eltor " ) in accordance with the name of the cause bacterial strain , and reached Bangladesh in 1963 , India in 1964 , and the Soviet Union in 1966 .


Although modern medicine has been growing , cholera is still a deadly killer .

1 . Typhus or Rickettsia ( 430 BC ? - Present )

Kill 3 million people between 1918 and 1922 alone , and most of Napoleon's army in RussiaTyphus is one of several similar diseases caused by louse-borne bacteria . Its name comes from the Greek typhos , meaning smoky or lazy , describing the state of mind of those affected by typhoid . Rickettsia is endemic in rodent hosts , including rodents and spread to humans through mites , fleas and ticks . Arthropod vectors thrive in poor hygiene conditions , such as those found in prisons or refugee camps , amongst the homeless , or until the middle of the 20th century , the soldiers in the field .Typhus in ARMYThe first description of typhus was probably discovered in 1083 in a convent near Salerno , Italy . Before a vaccine was developed in World War II , typhus is a disease that is dangerous to humans and has been responsible for a number of epidemics throughout history . During the second year of the Peloponnesian War ( 430 BC ) , the city - state of Athens in ancient Greece was hit by devastating epidemic , known as the Plague of Athens , which killed , among others , Pericles and two of his eldest son . Outbreaks back again , in the year 429 BC and in the winter of 427/6 BC . Epidemics occurred throughout Europe from the 16th century to the 19th century , and occurred during the English Civil War , Thirty Years' War and the Napoleonic Wars . When Napoleon's retreat from Moscow in 1812 , more French soldiers died of typhus than were killed by the Russians . A major epidemic occurred in Ireland between 1816-1819 , and in the late 1830s . Another great typhus epidemic also occurred during the Great Irish Famine between 1846 and 1849 .In America , a typhus epidemic killed the son of Franklin Pierce in Concord , New Hampshire in 1843 and was also attacked Philadelphia in 1837 . Several epidemics occurred in Baltimore , Memphis and Washington DC between 1865 and 1873. During World War I typhus caused three million deaths in Russia even more in Poland and Romania . Death is generally between 10 to 40 percent of people infected , and the disease is the leading cause of death typhoid for those who care for the sick . After the development of a vaccine during World War II , epidemics occur only in Eastern Europe , the Middle East and parts of Africa .

http://www.info-kes.com/2013/06/7-wabah-paling-mematikan-dalam-sejarah.html